独立结构英语语法？（5）主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（s.+predicate+o.+o.c.）二、并列句 两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，叫做并列句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有：and, but, or, so等。并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。那么，独立结构英语语法？一起来了解一下吧。

独立主格的时态怎么确定

独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）是一种英语句式，由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(动名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。

在英语中，谓语只能是动词，不是谓语的动词全部改成非谓语动词。独立主格结构在句中作状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。

用法

独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。

用作时间状语

The work done(After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后，我们就回家了。

用作条件状语

Weather permitting(=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。

独立结构英语语法例句

主谓短语也叫做独立主格、独立结构或独立主格结构。它的构成是：

名词/代词+动词

叫它“短语”而不是“句子”，因此，其中的动词必须用“非谓语”动词的形式，否则就是“主谓句子”了，这一点无疑是了解短语最重要的一点了。

那么最后的构成是这样的：

名词/代词+非谓语动词

1、名词/代词+现在分词

Mary coming back, they discussed it together.

如果不用主谓短语，就需要两个句子来表达同样一句话：

Mary came back. They discussed it together.

The train arriving at Platform 8 is the 17.50from London.

如果不用主谓短语，就需要两个句子来表达同样一句话：

The train arrived at Platform 8. The train is the17.50 from London.

或者用定语从句来表达：

The train which arrived at Platform 8 is the 17.50 from London.

2、名词/代词+不定式

Lots of homework to do, the little boy had to stay home all day.

No house to live in, the beggar had to sleep in the cave.

I sent you 100 dollars today, the rest to follow in a year.

3、名词/代词+过去分词

The system used in this school is very successful.

He lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head.

The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons finished for the day.

注意：(逻辑)主语和谓语有被动的意思

4、主系表短语

His stomach (being) empty, he looked for something to eat when he came back.

注：上面的(逻辑)表语是形容词

Class (being) over, the students rushed out of the class.

注：上面的(逻辑)表语是副词

He came out of the library, a thick dictionary (being) under his arm.

注：上面的(逻辑)表语是介宾短语

with/without 独立结构

John received an invention to dinner, and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it.

Without his work finished, John got home late.

They sit in small circles in the square, with their babies on the backs, completely uninterested in the tourists.

公众号：英语语法教程

独立主格结构例句

1、独立结构的实质和类型

所谓“独立结构”（Absolute Construction）实质就是带有自己主语的非限定分句和无动词分句。如前所述，非限定分句和无动词分句通常是以主语的一定成分作为自己的逻辑主语，从而依附于主语。但也有一些非限定分句和无动词分句带有自己的主语，从而在结构上与主语不发生关系，因此叫“独立结构”。

其实，所谓“独立结构”也并非真正独立，它还是一种从属分词。“独立结构”按其结构形式，分为不定式“独立结构”，-ing分词“独立结构”，-ed分词“独立结构”和无动词“独立结构”，通常在句中起状语分句的作用。 例如：

（1） A number of officials followed the emperor, some to hold his robe, others to adjust his girdle, and so on. 许多官员尾随皇帝之后，有的拎着皇帝的衣袍，有的则给他整腰带等。（some to hold…和others to adjust…为不定式独立结构）

（2） There being nothing else to do, we left. 由于没有其它事情可做，我们离开了。

如何学好英语语法的英语作文

独立主格结构是一个独立主格的名词或代词（作为逻辑主格），加上一个分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语。其作用相当于状语，多用来表示行为、方式或伴随的情况，有时也用来表示时间和条件。这种结构多用在书面语中。

一、几种常见的独立主格结构形式

1.名词（或代词）＋现在分词（或过去分词）。如：

1）The moon appearing,they decided to go on with theirjouney.

2）Good-bye said,he went home.

2.名词（或代词）＋形容词。如：

3）The weather(being)hot,we all went swimming.

3.名词（或代词）＋不定式。如：

4）Some of the money to be paid by the thief, the policewent.

4.名词（或代词）＋介词短语。如：

5）He climbed in,sword in hand.

5.名词（或代词）＋副词。如：

6）The meeting(being)over, we left the room.

独立主格结构的模式是:

主格名词/代词 + 分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语

(作逻辑主语) (作逻辑谓语)

1. All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs.

2. The question settled, we went home.

3. The river having risen in the night, the crossing was impossible.

主格名词/代词 + 分词 (过去分词/现在分词)

主格名词/代词 + 形容词

1. His mother being ill, he had to stay home to look after her.

2. Other things being equal, I would buy the black dress.

主格名词/代词 + 副词

The meeting being over, our headmaster soon left

the meeting-room.

We to care for the children, you are able to be carefree

away from home.

主格名词/代词 + 不定式

主格名词/代词 +介词短语

Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand.

with复合结构 与 独立主格结构

它们都可以在句中作原因状语,伴随状况状语,条件状语,时间状语或结果状语用,一般也可以相互转换.虽然它们的语法功能和意义相同,但其结构形式和名称却不相同.

with复合结构的模式是:

with+名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语

独立主格结构的模式是:

主格名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语

一,作时间状语

1,With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and

some birds fly south.

=Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some

birds fly south.

二,作原因状语

1,With the weather terribly cold, we entered the

room to warm ourselves.

= The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.

2,With the key having been lost, she could not

enter the room.

= The key having been lost, she could not enter the room.

三,作条件状语

1,With time permitting, we'll visit the Summer Palace.

= Time permitting, we'll visit the Summer Palace.

2,With the car going wrong, we'll have to stop

at the foot of the mountain.

= The car going wrong, we'll have to stop at the foot

of the mountain.

四,作伴随状语

1,The mother was cleaning the house with her baby

playing on the bed.

=The mother was cleaning the house, her baby playing

on the bed.

2,Last night I followed him, with a sword in my hand.

= Last night I followed him , sword in hand.

无论with复合结构还是独立主格结构,都不可有动词的谓语形式充当其中的逻辑谓语.如下例中的was就必须去掉:

He sat at the desk reading

with a pen was in his right hand.

with复合结构可以作后置定语修饰名词,而独立主格结构则不可作后置定语修饰名词.

Soon she arrived at a park with grass green and

flowers in blossom.

= Soon she arrived at a park whose grass was green

and whose flowers were in blossom.

独立结构的四种形式

独立结构又叫独立主格结构

独立主格结构有两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词或其他的一些词。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。

独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。常见的独立主格结构有如下几种：

1. 名词/主格代词+现在分词。名词/主格代词与现在分词之间主谓关系。如：

The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn”t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。

Time permitting (= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊游。

2. 名词/主格代词+过去分词。名词/主格代词与过去分词之间的动宾关系。如：

The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。

以上就是独立结构英语语法的全部内容，2、名词／代词＋过去分词。3、名词／代词＋不定式。4、名词／代词＋名词。5．名词／代词＋形容词短语。6．名词／代词＋副词。7.名词／代词＋介词短语。8.with引导的复合结构，也可以认为是一种独立主格结构。独立主格简介：独立主格，首先它是一个“格”，而不是一个“句子”。